Phenylalanine boosts brain function and mood. This essential amino acid is necessary for making proteins and neurotransmitters. You can find it in meat, fish, dairy, and soy products. It's crucial for mental health, helping to produce mood-influencing dopamine. ...

Allergenic protein found in the skin, saliva, and urine of cats, which can cause respiratory issues and asthma.

Allergies to a citrus mix involve reactions to various citrus fruits without specifying particular types. This category often includes oranges, lemons, limes, grapefruits, and possibly others, such as tangerines and pomelos. Individuals with citrus mix allergies react to the proteins found across these fruits, which can lead to an array of symptoms....

Gold, prized for its aesthetic and industrial value, can also pose health risks when exposure exceeds safe levels. Found in electronics, dentistry, and jewelry, gold rarely causes issues in small amounts. However, prolonged skin contact with gold-containing products or exposure to gold dust in industrial environments can lead to dermatitis and other allergic reactions. Inhalation of gold nanoparticles is a concern in manufacturing settings, potentially affecting respiratory health....

ZNF584 (Zinc Finger Protein 584): ZNF584 is part of the zinc finger protein family, typically involved in DNA binding and gene regulation. While the specific functions of ZNF584 are not fully established, it may play a role in transcriptional regulation, impacting various cellular processes and potentially influencing developmental pathways or disease mechanisms....

ABCA1 (ATP-binding cassette sub-family A member 1): ABCA1 is a crucial membrane protein involved in cellular lipid transport, particularly in the efflux of cholesterol and phospholipids from cells to lipid-poor apolipoproteins, forming nascent high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles. This process, known as reverse cholesterol transport, plays a fundamental role in the regulation of cellular cholesterol homeostasis and the maintenance of lipid metabolism. ABCA1 is predominantly expressed in the liver and peripheral tissues such as macrophages, where it facilitates cholesterol removal from cells, thereby exerting anti-atherogenic effects and reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Dysfunctional ABCA1 expression or mutations in the ABCA1...

CDKL2 (Cyclin-Dependent Kinase-Like 2): CDKL2 is involved in neuronal development and function. It belongs to the cyclin-dependent kinase family and is thought to play a role in signal transduction and cell cycle regulation. Its specific role in neurons suggests a potential involvement in neurodevelopmental processes and neurological disorders....

HPV (Human Papillomavirus): HPV is a group of over 200 viruses, with some types being sexually transmitted and linked to health issues like genital warts and cancers, particularly cervical cancer. The high-risk types, especially HPV-16 and HPV-18, are strongly associated with cancers of the cervix, throat, anus, and penis. While most HPV infections are asymptomatic and resolve on their own, persistent infections can lead to cancer. Vaccination is available to protect against the most dangerous strains, and regular screening is important for early detection and prevention.

Napa cabbage, a type of Chinese cabbage known for its mild flavor and tender leaves, is a common ingredient in Asian cuisine. While it's a nutritious vegetable, some individuals may experience Napa cabbage intolerance, affecting their ability to digest it comfortably....

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) is a crucial reproductive hormone in both men and women, produced by the pituitary gland. In women, it stimulates the ovaries to mature egg follicles; in men, it aids in the production of sperm. FSH levels fluctuate throughout a woman's menstrual cycle and are integral to fertility and reproductive health....

ESR1, also known as Estrogen Receptor Alpha, is a protein that belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family and acts as a transcription factor. It plays a pivotal role in mediating the effects of estrogen, a steroid hormone, in various tissues throughout the body. One of the primary functions of ESR1 is its role in regulating gene expression in response to estrogen binding. In the absence of estrogen, ESR1 resides in the cytoplasm in an inactive state, bound to heat shock proteins. Upon binding of estrogen, ESR1 undergoes a conformational change, dissociates from the heat shock proteins, and translocates to the...

Meat from young sheep, commonly consumed in various cuisines. Can cause allergic reactions in some individuals.

Rhubarb, a unique and tart vegetable often used in desserts, pies, and jams, adds a distinctive flavor to various culinary dishes. However, some individuals may experience rhubarb intolerance, impacting their ability to consume rhubarb without discomfort....

EXOC1L (Exocyst Complex Component 1 Like): EXOC1L is a less characterized component of the exocyst complex, which is involved in vesicle trafficking and exocytosis. It may play a role in the targeted delivery of vesicles to the plasma membrane, impacting processes such as cell signaling, membrane expansion, and secretion....

NECTIN2 (Nectin Cell Adhesion Molecule 2): NECTIN2, also known as CD112, is a transmembrane cell adhesion molecule that belongs to the nectin family. It plays a pivotal role in mediating cell-cell adhesion and is predominantly expressed in epithelial and neuronal tissues. NECTIN2 functions as a homophilic and heterophilic adhesion molecule, interacting with other nectins and nectin-like proteins, as well as with receptors on neighboring cells, such as DNAM-1 (CD226), CD96, and TIGIT. Through these interactions, NECTIN2 contributes to the formation and maintenance of adherens junctions and synaptic connections, thereby regulating processes such as cell migration, polarization, and synaptic transmission. Dysregulation...

FAM227B (Family with Sequence Similarity 227 Member B): FAM227B is a gene with currently limited functional information. Further research is needed to elucidate its specific role and significance in cellular processes and human health....

GHRL (Ghrelin): GHRL is a gene that encodes ghrelin, a peptide hormone known as the "hunger hormone." Ghrelin stimulates appetite and food intake by acting on the hypothalamus. It plays a role in regulating meal initiation and body weight....

MTRES1 (Mitochondrial tRNA Editing Site 1): MTRES1 is a gene related to mitochondrial tRNA (transfer RNA) editing. tRNAs are essential for protein synthesis in mitochondria. MTRES1 likely plays a role in maintaining the fidelity of mitochondrial protein translation by editing tRNAs....

Lobster and Pacific squid are delicacies enjoyed by many but can pose allergy risks for some individuals. Allergies to these seafood items can lead to reactions ranging from mild symptoms to severe, potentially life-threatening conditions. Understanding how to recognize and manage allergies to lobster and Pacific squid is crucial for affected individuals....

Dermatophagoides farinae, or the American house dust mite, is a major allergen in household dust. These mites are ubiquitous in upholstered furniture, carpets, and bedding, where they feed on skin cells shed by humans. Their fecal matter and body fragments can cause allergic reactions year-round, often leading to allergic rhinitis and asthma....

LYST (Lysosomal Trafficking Regulator): LYST is a key regulator of lysosomal trafficking, critical for the proper function of lysosomes in cellular digestion and waste management. Mutations in the LYST gene cause Chediak-Higashi syndrome, a rare immunodeficiency disorder characterized by abnormal lysosome formation, leading to defective immune responses and increased susceptibility to infections. LYST's role in regulating lysosomal function highlights its importance in cellular homeostasis and the immune system's effectiveness....

Alternaria alternata is a mold that disperses spores into the air, causing allergic reactions. It grows on many plants and materials, thriving in warm, damp conditions. People with sensitivity to this mold may experience symptoms during dry, windy weather when spore counts peak....

Akkermansia muciniphila is a beneficial gut bacterium, known for its role in maintaining intestinal mucosa and promoting a healthy gut lining. It's linked to positive metabolic and immune responses, playing a crucial part in gut health, weight management, and overall well-being....

STMN4 (Stathmin-Like 4): STMN4 is involved in microtubule dynamics and regulation. It plays a role in the organization of the cytoskeleton and may impact cellular processes such as cell division and intracellular transport....

ORMDL3 (ORMDL Sphingolipid Biosynthesis Regulator 3): ORMDL3 regulates the synthesis of sphingolipids, essential components of cell membranes and signaling molecules. Its activity is critical in maintaining cellular lipid homeostasis and modulating the inflammatory response. Variants in the ORMDL3 gene have been associated with an increased risk of asthma and other allergic diseases, highlighting its role in immune regulation and the pathogenesis of inflammatory conditions....

Cortisol, often recognized as the primary stress hormone, is synthesized by the adrenal glands, which are triangular-shaped organs situated on top of each kidney. This vital hormone plays a crucial role in orchestrating a multitude of physiological processes within the human body. Among its diverse functions, cortisol is intricately involved in the regulation of metabolism, modulation of immune responses, and orchestration of the body's reaction to stressors....

Bile acids, essential for digesting fats, are produced in the liver and stored in the gallbladder. Normally, they are reabsorbed into the body, but a portion ends up in stool. Analyzing bile acids in stool can help understand digestive health, especially in diagnosing malabsorption issues....

Saliva alcohol testing is a quick and non-invasive method used to detect the presence of alcohol in the body. This type of testing is commonly used in various settings including workplace screening, law enforcement, and personal monitoring for sobriety. Saliva alcohol tests are designed to measure the approximate blood alcohol concentration (BAC) from a saliva sample, reflecting recent alcohol consumption. The results can provide immediate insights into an individual's current level of intoxication....

Candida spp includes various yeast-like fungi affecting body parts like the gut and vagina. These infections often cause itching, discomfort, and discharge. They result from flora imbalance. In the gut, Candida spp can disrupt digestion. This leads to bloating and changes in bowel habits. Diet, health, and antibiotics are contributing factors. Addressing these is crucial to restore balance and relieve symptoms....

ADRB3 (Adrenoceptor Beta 3): ADRB3 is a gene that encodes a beta-adrenergic receptor, primarily found in adipose tissue. It's involved in the regulation of lipolysis and thermogenesis, playing a significant role in energy expenditure and obesity. Variants of this gene have been studied for their potential impact on obesity and metabolic disorders....

ADRB2 (Adrenoceptor Beta 2): ADRB2 encodes the beta-2-adrenergic receptor, which is involved in the 'fight or flight' response. It mediates smooth muscle relaxation in the airways and blood vessels and is a target for drugs treating asthma and COPD. Genetic variations in ADRB2 can affect an individual's response to these medications....

ADRA2A (Alpha-2 Adrenergic Receptor 2A): ADRA2A encodes a protein called alpha-2 adrenergic receptor 2A, which is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor family. It plays a crucial role in regulating the response to the neurotransmitter norepinephrine. ADRA2A is involved in various physiological processes, including blood pressure regulation, vasoconstriction, and the fight-or-flight response....

ADAL (Adenosine Deaminase-Like): ADAL is a protein similar to adenosine deaminase, which is involved in purine metabolism. It plays a role in the breakdown of adenosine, an important molecule for energy transfer and signaling in cells. ADAL's function in adenosine metabolism is critical for maintaining cellular energy balance and nucleotide pool homeostasis....

Cobalt is a trace mineral that plays a pivotal role in the body as part of vitamin B12, crucial for nerve function, red blood cell production, and DNA synthesis. While cobalt itself is not directly ingested, its presence in vitamin B12 is essential for maintaining overall health. Deficiency in cobalt, though rare, can lead to symptoms similar to vitamin B12 deficiency, impacting energy levels and cognitive function. While cobalt is essential in small amounts, excessive exposure can lead to serious health issues. These include respiratory difficulties, heart complications, and thyroid dysfunction. In high concentrations, cobalt can become toxic, particularly harming the...

Leucine is key for muscle building and repair. It's an essential amino acid that helps make proteins. You can find leucine in meat, fish, and dairy. It's especially important for bodybuilders and athletes. Leucine helps in muscle recovery and boosts energy....

Methionine aids in detoxification and metabolism. It's an essential amino acid, important for making other amino acids. You'll find methionine in meat, fish, and dairy. It's crucial for liver health and removing toxins. Methionine also supports skin and nail health....

Total chlorine in water refers to the combined concentration of both free chlorine and chlorine that has reacted with other substances, typically organic matter, ammonia, or other contaminants present in the water. It is a measure of the total chlorine available for disinfection and is important in water treatment to assess the effectiveness of chlorine in killing harmful microorganisms....

Dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) is an Omega-6 fatty acid, a derivative of gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), and a precursor to important eicosanoids. DGLA plays a unique role in the body's inflammatory processes, often acting to suppress inflammation and support cardiovascular health....

Enterococcus, commonly found in the human intestines and part of the normal gut flora, plays a role in gut health. However, its overgrowth in stool can indicate an imbalance or potential infection, particularly in those with weakened immune systems....

Allspice intolerance is a condition where individuals experience difficulty digesting allspice, a spice made from the dried berries of the Pimenta dioica plant, leading to gastrointestinal discomfort. This differs from an allspice allergy, which involves an immune system response and can cause more severe reactions. People with allspice intolerance typically experience digestive symptoms after consuming foods or dishes containing allspice....

Chromium, in trace amounts, is an essential nutrient involved in glucose metabolism and insulin regulation. However, certain forms, like hexavalent chromium, are highly toxic and carcinogenic. Overexposure to chromium can lead to severe health issues, affecting the skin, respiratory system, and kidneys...

Amaranth intolerance is a non-allergic adverse reaction to amaranth, a nutritious pseudocereal that is gluten-free and rich in vitamins and minerals. Unlike amaranth allergies, which involve an immune response to specific allergens, intolerance to amaranth typically relates to difficulties in digesting certain components of the grain....

Suberic acid, also known as octanedioic acid, is a dicarboxylic acid that in a biological and physiological context, is primarily significant as a metabolic marker. Elevated levels of suberic acid in the body can indicate metabolic disorders, especially those related to fatty acid oxidation, such as medium-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency....

Urinary protein, also known as proteinuria, refers to the presence of an abnormal amount of protein in the urine. Proteins, such as albumin, are vital components of blood, but they're not normally found in urine in significant amounts. The presence of protein in urine can be an indicator of kidney damage or disease, as healthy kidneys typically prevent significant protein loss through urine....

Lactobacillus is a beneficial bacteria commonly found in the gut and some fermented foods. It plays a crucial role in digestive health, aiding in nutrient absorption and supporting the immune system....

Polyunsaturated Omega-3 fatty acids, essential nutrients for human health, play a crucial role in brain function and overall health. Notably found in fish, seeds, and nuts, these fats are vital for managing heart health and supporting neurological development....

Polyunsaturated Omega-6 fatty acids are essential fats crucial for brain function, growth, and development. Found in various plant oils, nuts, and seeds, these fatty acids play a key role in cellular health and are important for regulating inflammation and promoting heart health....

Methylmalonic acid (MMA) is a substance produced in the body during the metabolism of certain fats and proteins. It is a byproduct of the breakdown of an amino acid called methionine, and its levels are influenced by the amount of vitamin B12 in the body. MMA is particularly significant because elevated levels can be an indicator of vitamin B12 deficiency....

Aluminum is a harmful heavy metal that poses health risks to the human body. Exposure to excessive levels of aluminum, often through consumption or environmental sources, has been associated with various health concerns, including neurotoxicity and a potential link to diseases like Alzheimer's. Understanding and minimizing aluminum exposure is crucial for maintaining overall well-being....

ALT, or Alanine Aminotransferase, is an enzyme primarily found in the liver. It plays a crucial role in metabolizing proteins. When the liver is damaged or inflamed, ALT is released into the bloodstream, leading to an increase in its levels. Therefore, measuring ALT is a common way to assess liver health. Elevated levels of ALT can indicate liver damage or disease, while normal levels suggest a healthy liver....

Lactate, commonly known as lactic acid, is a byproduct of anaerobic metabolism, produced when the body breaks down glucose for energy without adequate oxygen, typically during intense exercise. It's associated with muscle fatigue and the "burn" sensation during strenuous activity. Lactate also plays a role in the Cori cycle, where it's converted back to glucose in the liver....

Stearic acid is a long-chain saturated fatty acid found in various animal and plant fats. Unique among saturated fats, it is known for having a more neutral impact on blood cholesterol levels, making it a subject of interest in nutritional studies....

Amylase is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in digestion. It is produced by the pancreas and salivary glands. Amylase's primary function is to break down complex carbohydrates, such as starches and glycogen, into simpler sugars like maltose and glucose, which can be easily absorbed by the body....

Kynurenic acid is a metabolite produced in the kynurenine pathway, which is involved in the metabolism of the amino acid tryptophan. It is known for its role in the nervous system, where it acts as a neuroprotective agent. It's significant in neurological and psychiatric research, as imbalances are linked to conditions like schizophrenia and depression....

IgG (Immunoglobulin G) is the most abundant type of antibody in the blood and plays a critical role in the immune system's long-term response to infections. In the context of Lyme disease, caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi, IgG antibodies are measured to assess past exposure or later stages of the infection. Unlike IgM antibodies, which appear shortly after infection, IgG antibodies develop more slowly and can remain in the body for a long time, providing prolonged immunity against reinfection....

IDO (Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase) is an enzyme crucial in metabolizing the amino acid tryptophan along the kynurenine pathway. It plays a key role in immune regulation by depleting tryptophan, which can suppress immune responses. This function is significant in cancer research, as tumors may exploit it to evade the immune system. IDO is also involved in various conditions, including psychiatric disorders and neurodegenerative diseases, and is influenced by inflammation and stress....

GOT, or Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase, is an enzyme found in various tissues of the body, with the highest concentrations in the liver. It plays a crucial role in the metabolism of glutathione, a powerful antioxidant, and is involved in the transport of amino acids across cell membranes. GOT is commonly measured in blood tests and is used as a marker of liver and biliary tract function....

EBV VCA is a protein component of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) that appears early in the course of infection. Testing for VCA is a key indicator in diagnosing both acute and chronic EBV infections....

EBNA is a protein produced by EBV (Epstein Barr) during the later stages of infection. The presence of EBNA IgG antibodies usually indicates that the infection occurred some time ago, as these antibodies typically develop several weeks to months after the initial infection and remain detectable for life. Testing for EBNA IgG is often used in conjunction with VCA to distinguish between a current or past infection and to assess the stage of the infection....

Anti-Thyroid Peroxidase (A-TPO) antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system. They mistakenly target thyroid peroxidase, an enzyme crucial for thyroid hormone production. High levels of A-TPO antibodies can indicate autoimmune thyroid disorders, such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis or Graves' disease. These conditions lead to either underactive or overactive thyroid function, impacting overall health....

Creatinine is a waste product produced by muscle metabolism, commonly used as an indicator of kidney function. It is generated from creatine, a molecule important for energy production in muscles, and is filtered out of the blood by the kidneys and excreted in urine...

Citrate is a key component in the citric acid cycle, crucial for energy production in aerobic organisms. It helps in breaking down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins to generate ATP (energy). Citrate also aids in regulating the body's acid-base balance and plays a role in preventing kidney stones by binding with calcium....

Bilirubin is a yellow compound that occurs in the body as a byproduct of red blood cell breakdown. It travels to the liver, where it's processed and excreted in bile. A healthy liver will filter bilirubin from the blood, converting it into a form that can be eliminated through the digestive tract. Bilirubin levels in the blood are an important indicator of liver function and health, as well as of potential issues with bile ducts or red blood cell breakdown....

MS4A13 (Membrane Spanning 4-Domains A13): MS4A13 is part of the MS4A gene family, which is involved in signal transduction and cellular activation. The specific role of MS4A13 is not well understood, but members of this family are important in immune responses and in the pathogenesis of diseases like Alzheimer's....

MFSD10 (Major Facilitator Superfamily Domain-Containing Protein 10): MFSD10 is a gene that encodes a protein involved in transport processes across cell membranes. The specific function of MFSD10 is still being investigated, but it may play a role in nutrient transport and cellular homeostasis....

LPP (LIM Domain Containing Preferred Translocation Partner In Lipoma): LPP plays a role in cell adhesion, migration, and organization of the actin cytoskeleton. It is involved in the formation of focal adhesions and stress fibers, linking the cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix. This gene's function is crucial for the regulation of cell movement and the maintenance of cellular structure. Alterations in LPP have been implicated in the development of lipomas and other tumors, highlighting its importance in cell biology and cancer research...

5-Hydroxyindoleacetate (5-HIAA) is the primary metabolite of serotonin, a key neurotransmitter. It is used clinically as a diagnostic marker, particularly in the detection and monitoring of carcinoid tumors, which can overproduce serotonin. Urinary 5-HIAA can also be used as a approximate marker for serotonin levels in the body....

Tuna and salmon are popular fish choices worldwide, known for their taste and health benefits. However, some individuals may experience allergic reactions to these fish, a condition that can range from mild discomfort to severe, life-threatening reactions. Understanding the symptoms, triggers, and management strategies for tuna and salmon allergies is essential for those affected....

Pyruvate is a key compound in cellular metabolism, formed as the end product of glycolysis when glucose is broken down. In the presence of oxygen, it contributes to energy production by entering the citric acid cycle. Under low oxygen conditions, such as during intense exercise, pyruvate is converted into lactate, allowing continued ATP (energy) production. Pyruvate also plays a role in gluconeogenesis, the process of generating glucose from non-carbohydrate sources, and is a precursor for amino acid synthesis....

ITGA4 (Integrin Subunit Alpha 4): ITGA4 is a cell adhesion molecule involved in leukocyte migration and immune responses. It's crucial for the immune system's ability to reach sites of inflammation. Dysregulation of ITGA4 can lead to autoimmune disorders and impacts the efficacy of immune responses....

Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) is a sexually transmitted bacterium that was first identified in the 1980s. It's known for causing urogenital infections and can be transmitted through sexual contact. MG is a significant cause of non-gonococcal urethritis in men and has been linked to pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in women. It is known for its prolonged and sometimes asymptomatic nature, making it a concern for sexual health....

Sperm (SP-10) plays a crucial role in reproduction. It is the male reproductive cell that carries genetic information and is involved in fertilizing a female's egg. Sperm concentration, which refers to the number of sperm present in a given volume of semen, is an important factor in male fertility....

The SAMe/SAH ratio is a measure of the balance between S-Adenosylmethionine (SAMe) and S-Adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) in the body, reflecting cellular methylation capacity. SAMe is a crucial methyl donor for various biochemical processes, while SAH is a byproduct formed after SAMe donates a methyl group. A high SAMe/SAH ratio indicates good methylation capacity, beneficial for cellular functions and overall health....

Garlic and onion, members of the Allium family, are staple ingredients in many cuisines worldwide. However, for some individuals, these foods can trigger allergic reactions due to their unique compounds. Recognizing and managing garlic and onion allergies are crucial for maintaining a healthy, reaction-free diet....

Grass pollen allergies, triggered by varieties such as sweet vernal, orchard grass, common reed, and bent grass, significantly impact individuals sensitive to these allergens. Understanding these allergies' nuances, identifying symptoms, and adopting effective management strategies can mitigate discomfort and improve quality of life during peak pollen seasons....

The Omega-6 / Omega-3 Ratio represents the balance between Omega-6 and Omega-3 fatty acids in the diet. This ratio is crucial for health, as an imbalance, particularly a high Omega-6 to Omega-3 ratio, is associated with increased inflammation and risk of chronic diseases....

Candida albicans is a type of yeast that can affect various parts of the body, most commonly manifesting as vaginal yeast infections and gut overgrowth. Vaginal infections bring itching, discomfort, and discharge, often due to flora imbalance. In the gut, overgrown Candida albicans disrupts digestion, causing bloating and bowel habit changes. Diet, health, and antibiotics influence both conditions, requiring tailored treatments to restore balance and relieve symptoms....

NNT (Nicotinamide Nucleotide Transhydrogenase): NNT is an enzyme located in the mitochondrial inner membrane, involved in the regeneration of NADPH from NADH. This process is crucial for maintaining the cellular redox state and protecting cells from oxidative stress. Deficiencies in NNT can lead to impaired mitochondrial function and increased susceptibility to oxidative damage, contributing to metabolic disorders and chronic diseases....

C8ORF37 (Chromosome 8 Open Reading Frame 37): C8ORF37 is a gene associated with retinal dystrophies and Bardet-Biedl syndrome, a disorder characterized by vision loss, obesity, and other symptoms. Mutations in this gene can lead to retinal degeneration and impaired ciliary function, highlighting its role in photoreceptor cell maintenance and cilia-related processes....

C6ORF47 (Chromosome 6 Open Reading Frame 47): C6ORF47, located on chromosome 6, is a lesser-characterized gene. Open reading frames like C6ORF47 often represent potential protein-coding regions, but their specific functions can be enigmatic. The study of such genes can uncover new aspects of cellular function and contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the human genome....

BMPR1B (Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptor Type 1B): BMPR1B is a receptor for bone morphogenetic proteins, involved in bone formation and development. It plays a role in cell growth and differentiation and has been studied in relation to skeletal disorders and cancers....

BHMT (Betaine-Homocysteine S-Methyltransferase): BHMT plays a crucial role in the metabolism of homocysteine, a process important for cardiovascular and neurological health. It catalyzes the conversion of homocysteine to methionine, using betaine as a methyl donor. Dysregulation of BHMT can lead to elevated homocysteine levels, associated with cardiovascular diseases and other health issues....

BHLHE41 (Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Family, Member E41): BHLHE41, also known as DEC2, is a transcription factor implicated in the regulation of circadian rhythms and sleep. Variations in this gene are associated with natural short sleep phenotype, where individuals function well with less sleep than average. Understanding BHLHE41 could provide insights into sleep disorders and circadian rhythm regulation....

BCL2 (B-Cell Lymphoma 2): BCL2 is a gene that encodes a protein involved in regulating apoptosis, a process of programmed cell death. BCL2 proteins play a crucial role in maintaining the balance between cell survival and cell death. Dysregulation of BCL2 is implicated in cancer and various diseases....

Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is a critical Omega-3 fatty acid primarily found in fish and seafood. Known for its anti-inflammatory properties, EPA plays a vital role in cardiovascular health and is crucial for maintaining a healthy balance of bodily functions....

C-reactive protein (CRP) testing measures the level of CRP in the blood, an indicator of inflammation in the body. Elevated CRP levels can signal acute inflammations, infections, and chronic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or heart disease. This test is commonly used to diagnose and monitor conditions that cause inflammation. It's particularly valuable for detecting flare-ups in chronic inflammatory conditions and assessing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Regular CRP testing helps in guiding treatment decisions and monitoring the effectiveness of therapies in reducing inflammation....

JAK2 (Janus Kinase 2): JAK2 is a gene encoding a kinase enzyme that is part of the Janus kinase (JAK) family. JAK2 is involved in cytokine signaling pathways and is crucial for the activation of immune and hematopoietic cells. Mutations in JAK2 are associated with blood disorders such as polycythemia vera and myeloproliferative neoplasms....

ARHGAP27 (Rho GTPase Activating Protein 27): ARHGAP27 plays a role in actin cytoskeleton remodeling, cell morphology, and motility through its regulation of Rho GTPases. These GTPases are key regulators of cellular processes such as vesicle trafficking, cell cycle progression, and gene transcription. ARHGAP27's function in modulating cell adhesion and migration is particularly relevant in tissue development and wound healing, as well as in tumor progression and metastasis....

Tyrosine boosts brain function and mood. This amino acid helps make neurotransmitters like dopamine, affecting mood and concentration. Found in cheese, soy products, fish, and poultry, tyrosine is key for mental alertness and emotional health. It's important for stress response and thyroid function....

CLOCK (Circadian Locomotor Output Cycles Kaput): The CLOCK gene is fundamental in the regulation of circadian rhythms, which are the physical, mental, and behavioral changes following a 24-hour cycle. It is involved in the control of sleep-wake cycles and various physiological processes including metabolism. Mutations in the CLOCK gene can disrupt normal circadian rhythms, leading to various health issues such as sleep disorders, metabolic syndrome, and mood disturbances....

ARAP2 (ArfGAP With RhoGAP Domain, Ankyrin Repeat, and PH Domain 2): ARAP2 is involved in cell signaling pathways, acting as a GTPase-activating protein for Arf and Rho family members. It's important for cell migration and cytoskeletal organization, with potential implications in cancer metastasis and cellular morphology....

Tryptophan supports sleep and mood. This essential amino acid helps make serotonin, which affects sleep and emotions. Found in turkey, chicken, milk, and nuts, tryptophan is key for relaxation and sleep. It's important for mental health and regulating appetite....

AR (Androgen Receptor): AR is a nuclear receptor protein that binds to androgens (male sex hormones) and plays a central role in male sexual development and function. It is involved in regulating the development of male secondary sexual characteristics and is the target of androgen-based therapies. Mutations in the AR gene can lead to various androgen-related disorders....

Sarcosine boosts mental health and aids in metabolism. This amino acid helps synthesize others and supports muscle growth. You'll find it in egg yolks, turkey, and legumes. It's key for cognitive functions and muscle development. Sarcosine is important for brain health and has potential in mental health research....

APEH (Acylaminoacyl-Peptide Hydrolase): APEH is an enzyme that degrades acetylated peptides, playing a role in protein turnover and degradation. It's involved in the processing of damaged or misfolded proteins, thereby maintaining protein homeostasis. Dysfunctions in APEH have implications in neurodegenerative diseases and in the response to oxidative stress....

ANKK1 (Ankyrin Repeat and Kinase Domain Containing 1): ANKK1 is involved in signal transduction and potentially in the regulation of dopamine receptors, which are important for brain function. Variants near the ANKK1 gene have been linked to neuropsychiatric disorders and addiction, possibly due to their influence on dopamine signaling....

Lysine supports immune health and aids in collagen production. It's an essential amino acid, crucial for making proteins. Found in meat, fish, dairy, and legumes, lysine is important for skin and bone health. It helps in wound healing and calcium absorption. Maintaining the right levels of lysine is key for strong immunity and healthy skin. It's vital for bone strength and overall well-being....

ALX4 (ALX Homeobox 4): ALX4 is a transcription factor involved in skull and limb development. Mutations in this gene can lead to craniofacial malformations and skeletal abnormalities, highlighting its importance in bone development and morphogenesis....

ALDH7A1 (Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 7 Family Member A1): ALDH7A1 is involved in the metabolism of aldehydes and is essential for the detoxification of pyridoxal-5'-phosphate, a form of vitamin B6. Deficiency in ALDH7A1 leads to pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy, a condition where seizures are caused by an abnormality in lysine metabolism and are responsive to vitamin B6 treatment....

The quantitative determination of nitrogen is a laboratory test primarily used to assess protein digestion and absorption by measuring nitrogen levels in bodily excretions, usually urine or feces. This test is instrumental in evaluating nutritional status, particularly in clinical settings where protein-energy malnutrition or imbalances might be a concern. It serves as a key indicator of metabolic functions related to protein turnover. The test can help diagnose conditions that affect protein metabolism, such as kidney disease, malabsorption syndromes, and certain metabolic disorders...