The HSV-1 IgG antibody test measures the presence of antibodies against Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1) in the body. HSV-1 is commonly linked to oral herpes but can also cause genital infections. IgG antibodies usually develop a few weeks after initial infection and persist for life, indicating past or ongoing exposure. While this test does not show whether the infection is currently active, it helps confirm prior contact with the virus and may be clinically relevant when evaluating symptoms or before certain medical procedures.
Testing for HSV-1 IgG antibodies can be helpful for individuals with a history of cold sores, oral lesions, or unexplained neurological symptoms. It’s also recommended for those planning pregnancy, undergoing fertility treatment, or having immunosuppression. Testing can provide useful insights even in asymptomatic individuals, as HSV-1 can be transmitted unknowingly.
HSV-1 is most commonly spread through oral contact, such as kissing or sharing utensils, lip balm, or drinks. It can also be transmitted to the genital area during oral sex. Many people acquire HSV-1 in childhood through casual contact.
A positive result indicates past exposure to the HSV-1 virus. It means the body has produced antibodies against the virus, which typically remain for life. It does not confirm whether the virus is currently active or when the infection occurred.