Citrobacter spp. are a group of gram-negative bacteria belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family. They are commonly found in soil, water, and the intestinal tract of humans and animals. While some species are part of the normal gut flora in small amounts, elevated levels may indicate dysbiosis or an overgrowth. Certain species, like Citrobacter freundii, have been linked to gastrointestinal disturbances, urinary tract infections, and hospital-acquired infections in vulnerable individuals. In stool testing, the presence of Citrobacter may reflect microbial imbalance, immune stress, or past antibiotic use.
Citrobacter spp. are gram-negative bacteria that can be found in the environment and in the human gut, sometimes as part of the normal flora.
It helps assess gut microbial balance, especially in cases of overgrowth or potential pathogenic activity.
While usually harmless in small amounts, some strains may contribute to infections or gastrointestinal symptoms, especially in weakened immune systems.
Factors include recent antibiotic use, poor diet, reduced beneficial bacteria, or immune suppression.