Threadworms (Strongyloides stercoralis) are tiny intestinal parasites that cause strongyloidiasis. They can be asymptomatic or lead to a variety of symptoms, including abdominal pain, diarrhea, and, in severe cases, malabsorption. Transmission occurs through skin contact with contaminated soil. These worms are notable for their ability to reproduce within the host, which can result in persistent, long-lasting infections.
They occur worldwide, with higher prevalence in tropical and subtropical regions. In some communities, infection rates can be very high. Most common in warm, moist climates where direct contact with contaminated soil is frequent.
Ivermectin or albendazole are effective treatments. Addressing hygiene and environmental sanitation is crucial for controlling spread.
Wearing shoes and avoiding direct contact with soil that may be contaminated can prevent infection. Improved sanitation and hygiene practices also reduce the risk of spread.