Progesterone
Progesterone is a hormone that plays a key role in the female reproductive system, primarily produced in the ovaries after ovulation. It prepares the uterus for pregnancy and helps maintain it if conception occurs, while a drop in progesterone triggers menstruation. Beyond reproduction, progesterone influences sexual desire, mood, and bone health. During pregnancy, the placenta produces progesterone to support fetal development and prepare for breastfeeding. In men, progesterone is present at lower levels and contributes to sperm production.
Description
Testing progesterone levels can be particularly beneficial for women experiencing infertility or recurrent miscarriages, as it’s crucial for maintaining early pregnancy. It’s also helpful for diagnosing conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or luteal phase defects in women with irregular menstrual cycles. Those undergoing hormone replacement therapy, including menopausal women and transgender individuals, may need their progesterone levels monitored to adjust treatment. Additionally, testing can aid in identifying the causes of severe premenstrual syndrome (PMS) or menstrual irregularities. In pregnant women, progesterone levels can sometimes indicate the health of the placenta.
Natural progesterone, identical to the hormone produced by the human body, is often used in hormone replacement therapy and for menstrual and fertility issues, with fewer side effects compared to synthetic versions. Synthetic progestins, man-made to mimic natural progesterone but with different chemical structures, are commonly found in hormonal contraceptives and some HRT types.
- Irregular or missed periods
- Infertility
- Miscarriage or preterm birth
- Mood changes
- Menstrual cramps
- Spotting between periods
- Breast tenderness
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