Primary bile acids – cholic acid (CA) and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) – are produced in the liver and represent the first step in bile acid metabolism. They are essential for emulsifying dietary fats and facilitating absorption of fat-soluble vitamins. Increased levels can suggest altered bile acid synthesis or cholestasis, while low levels may indicate reduced hepatic production or bile flow. Balanced concentrations reflect normal liver function and bile acid turnover.
Increased levels of cholic acid (CA) and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) may suggest impaired bile acid flow, cholestasis, or disrupted hepatic metabolism. Elevated concentrations can also occur in response to inflammation, toxins, or hormonal imbalances affecting liver function.
Testing can be valuable for individuals experiencing digestive discomfort after fatty meals, bloating, or nausea, as well as those with suspected liver or gallbladder issues. It can also provide insight into fat-soluble vitamin absorption and overall bile acid metabolism.
Levels depend on liver synthesis, bile flow, microbial metabolism, and intestinal reabsorption. Hormonal changes, diet composition, medications, or gut dysbiosis can all affect bile acid balance and recycling.
Yes. Supporting liver and gallbladder health with adequate hydration, fiber, and nutrient intake (especially choline, taurine, and antioxidants) promotes normal bile synthesis and flow. Regular physical activity and maintaining gut microbial balance also help optimize bile acid turnover.