Cobalt is an essential trace mineral found as part of vitamin B12, which is vital for nerve function, red blood cell formation, and DNA synthesis. It is required in very small amounts, and deficiency can cause symptoms similar to vitamin B12 deficiency. While essential for health, excessive cobalt exposure can be harmful, potentially affecting the heart, lungs, and thyroid.
Occupational exposure is a significant source, especially in cobalt production, mining, and metal processing industries. Environmental exposure can occur near industrial sites. People with metal-on-metal hip replacements are at risk of exposure due to wear of the implant. Dietary sources are generally low but can include foods like leafy vegetables, fish, nuts, and cereals.
Reducing exposure is the primary method for detoxing from cobalt. This includes using appropriate protective gear in industrial settings and ensuring proper implant selection and monitoring for those with metal-on-metal hip replacements. In severe cases, treatment may be required. Supporting overall health with a balanced diet and maintaining good kidney function can aid in the natural elimination of cobalt from the body. In cases of extreme overexposure, chelation therapy might be considered under supervision.