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The GetTested DNA Metabolic Health Test provides you with an in-depth understanding of your metabolic health by analyzing 240 carefully selected genes. This comprehensive analysis offers insights into your metabolism, blood sugar, weight, thyroid, parathyroid, and much more, along with personalized recommendations based on your genetics.

<p>The GetTested DNA Metabolic Health Test provides you with an in-depth understanding of your metabolic health by analyzing 240 carefully selected genes. This comprehensive analysis offers insights into your metabolism, blood sugar, weight, thyroid, parathyroid, and much more, along with personalized recommendations based on your genetics.</p>

DNA Metabolic Health Test

SFTPA1 (Surfactant Protein A1): SFTPA1 encodes a protein crucial in lung function, particularly in the innate immune response of the respiratory tract. It helps in reducing surface tension in the lungs and plays a role in defending against respiratory pathogens. Mutations in SFTPA1 are associated with respiratory diseases....



SFTPA1

CERS6, also known as Ceramide Synthase 6, is an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of ceramides, which are essential components of cell membranes and serve as signaling molecules in various cellular processes. Positioned within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of cells, CERS6 plays a crucial role in catalyzing the synthesis of ceramides by acylating sphingoid bases with fatty acyl-CoA substrates. One of the primary functions of CERS6 is its involvement in the generation of specific ceramide species with distinct acyl chain lengths and saturation levels. Ceramides produced by CERS6 can vary in their fatty acyl composition, which influences their biophysical properties and...



CERS6

SGCD (Sarcoglycan Delta): SGCD is part of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex, crucial for muscle integrity and function. Mutations in SGCD are associated with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy, a group of genetic disorders that weaken and waste the muscles around the hips and shoulders....



SGCD

PIGN (Phosphatidylinositol Glycan Anchor Biosynthesis Class N): PIGN is involved in the biosynthesis of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchors, which are used to attach certain proteins to the cell membrane. GPI-anchored proteins play critical roles in cell adhesion, signal transduction, and immune response. Mutations in PIGN can lead to GPI anchor biosynthesis disorders, characterized by a wide range of symptoms including developmental delays, neurological issues, and congenital anomalies, reflecting the importance of GPI-anchored proteins in human physiology....

PIGN

FBXL17 (F-Box and Leucine-Rich Repeat Protein 17): FBXL17 is a member of the F-box protein family, which are critical components of the SCF (SKP1-cullin-F-box) complex, responsible for the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Through its role in protein turnover, FBXL17 regulates various cellular processes including cell cycle progression, signal transduction, and transcription. Its specific function involves the recognition and binding of phosphorylated substrates via its F-box motif and leucine-rich repeats, targeting them for ubiquitination. The precise regulation of protein levels by FBXL17 is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and function. Dysregulation of FBXL17 activity has been linked...

FBXL17

ID4 (Inhibitor Of DNA Binding 4, HLH Protein): ID4 acts as a regulator of gene transcription and is involved in the control of cell differentiation and proliferation. It is part of the ID protein family, which plays roles in the regulation of a wide range of developmental processes by inhibiting the binding of basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors. ID4 is implicated in the pathogenesis of several types of cancer, where it may act as a tumor suppressor or oncogene, depending on the context. The study of ID4 offers insights into cellular differentiation, stem cell biology, and cancer....

FBXO21 (F-Box Protein 21): FBXO21 is part of the F-box protein family, key components in the ubiquitin-proteasome system, which regulates protein degradation. This gene plays a crucial role in various cellular processes, including cell cycle regulation and signal transduction. Dysregulation of FBXO21 can lead to disorders in protein homeostasis, making it significant in the study of diseases where protein turnover is disrupted, such as neurodegenerative diseases and cancers....

FBXO21

COG1 (Component Of Oligomeric Golgi Complex 1): COG1 is a part of the COG complex, essential for normal Golgi function and protein trafficking. Mutations in COG1 can disrupt normal Golgi apparatus function and lead to congenital disorders of glycosylation, which are a group of metabolic conditions affecting glycoprotein processing and resulting in various developmental issues....



COG1

FGFR2 (Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2): FGFR2 is a receptor for fibroblast growth factors and is involved in numerous processes including cell growth, differentiation, and repair. Mutations in FGFR2 are associated with various developmental disorders, including craniosynostosis and skeletal dysplasia, and are implicated in certain types of cancer....

FGFR2

ETS2 (ETS Proto-Oncogene 2, Transcription Factor): ETS2 is a gene encoding a transcription factor from the ETS family. Transcription factors like ETS2 regulate the expression of target genes by binding to specific DNA sequences. ETS2 has been implicated in various cellular processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and development. Dysregulation of ETS2 can be associated with cancer and developmental disorders....

ETS2

IL12B (Interleukin 12B): IL12B is a gene that encodes the p40 subunit of interleukin-12 (IL-12), a cytokine involved in immune responses. IL-12 plays a critical role in stimulating the immune system's activity against infections and tumors by promoting the production of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and the activation of T cells and natural killer (NK) cells....

IL12B

CD44 (Cluster of Differentiation 44): CD44 is a cell surface glycoprotein involved in cell adhesion and migration. It plays a role in various cellular processes, including tissue regeneration, lymphocyte activation, and cancer metastasis. CD44 is a key receptor for hyaluronic acid and has implications in inflammation and tissue repair....



CD44

HTR2A (5-Hydroxytryptamine Receptor 2A): HTR2A is a receptor for serotonin, a key neurotransmitter in regulating mood, anxiety, and cognition. It's implicated in various psychiatric disorders, including depression, schizophrenia, and anxiety disorders. Variations in HTR2A are often studied in the context of psychopharmacology and psychiatric genetics....

HTR2A

SIM1 (Single-Minded Homolog 1): SIM1 is a transcription factor that plays a crucial role in the development of specific brain regions, including the hypothalamus. It is involved in the regulation of appetite and energy homeostasis. Mutations in SIM1 have been associated with obesity and other metabolic disorders....



SIM1

SH2B3 (SH2B Adaptor Protein 3): SH2B3, also known as LNK, is an adaptor protein that negatively regulates cytokine signaling in hematopoietic cells. It plays a crucial role in maintaining hematopoietic stem cell homeostasis and regulating immune responses. SH2B3 mutations are associated with a variety of hematologic disorders, including myeloproliferative neoplasms and autoimmune diseases, underscoring its importance in blood cell development and immune regulation....



SH2B3

COG6 (Component Of Oligomeric Golgi Complex 6): COG6 is part of the COG complex, which is crucial for normal Golgi function and vesicular trafficking. It's involved in the maintenance of Golgi structure and the proper glycosylation of proteins, a critical post-translational modification process. Mutations in COG6 can lead to congenital disorders of glycosylation, which are characterized by a wide range of clinical symptoms, including developmental delay and neurological issues....



COG6

CCR7 (C-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 7): CCR7 is a crucial receptor in the immune system, guiding the migration of T cells and dendritic cells to lymphoid tissues, where immune responses are coordinated. This receptor's interaction with its ligands, CCL19 and CCL21, is essential for initiating adaptive immune responses and maintaining immune surveillance. Dysregulation of CCR7 has been implicated in various autoimmune diseases and cancers, making it a target for immunotherapy and cancer treatment research....



CCR7

PIK3R1 (Phosphoinositide-3-Kinase, Regulatory Subunit 1): PIK3R1 encodes a regulatory subunit of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), which is a part of important signaling pathways involved in cell growth, proliferation, and survival. Mutations in this gene are implicated in several cancers and are a target for cancer therapies. It also plays a role in insulin signaling and is associated with diabetes and metabolic syndromes....

PIK3R1

CCDC170 (Coiled-Coil Domain Containing 170): CCDC170 is a gene with a less well-understood function, but it has been implicated in breast cancer, particularly in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. It may play a role in cellular structure and organization....



CCDC170

ALPL (Alkaline Phosphatase, Liver/Bone/Kidney): ALPL encodes an enzyme involved in dephosphorylation processes, crucial for bone mineralization. Mutations can lead to hypophosphatasia, a disorder affecting bone development. Its activity is also important in liver function and overall mineral metabolism....

ALPL

EIF4A1, also known as Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 4A1, is a highly conserved RNA helicase enzyme involved in the initiation of translation, a fundamental process in protein synthesis. It is a member of the DEAD-box RNA helicase family and plays a crucial role in unwinding secondary structures within mRNA molecules, enabling ribosomes to access the initiation codon and begin protein synthesis. One of the primary functions of EIF4A1 is its role in the assembly of the eukaryotic translation initiation complex. In conjunction with other eukaryotic initiation factors, EIF4A1 binds to the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of mRNA and scans along the...

EIF4A1

HMCN1 (Hemicentin 1): HMCN1 is a large extracellular matrix protein involved in cell adhesion and tissue integrity. It plays a significant role in the eye, particularly in the structure of the retina and vitreous body. Mutations in HMCN1 are associated with age-related macular degeneration and other ocular disorders....

HMCN1

EGLN2 (Egl-9 Family Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 2): EGLN2 is a prolyl hydroxylase that regulates the stability of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), which are key mediators in cellular response to low oxygen levels. EGLN2 is involved in cellular adaptation to hypoxia and has implications in cancer biology, as HIFs are often upregulated in tumors. ...

EGLN2

CCND3 (Cyclin D3): Similar to CCND2, CCND3 is a cyclin involved in cell cycle regulation. It also plays a role in the progression from G1 to S phase of the cell cycle. Dysfunctions in CCND3 are associated with certain cancers, particularly lymphomas and leukemias....



CCND3

COL11A1 (Collagen Type XI Alpha 1 Chain): COL11A1 encodes a component of type XI collagen, important in the structure and integrity of connective tissue. Mutations in this gene are associated with a variety of disorders affecting connective tissue, including certain types of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and Stickler syndrome....



COL11A1

HLA-B (Human Leukocyte Antigen B): HLA-B is a gene that encodes a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I protein. MHC class I proteins are essential for presenting antigens to immune cells and play a central role in the adaptive immune response. HLA-B diversity contributes to an individual's immune system's ability to recognize and respond to pathogens....

HLA-B

FCRL6 (Fc Receptor-Like 6): FCRL6 is involved in the immune system's regulation, expressed on certain T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. It plays a role in modulating immune responses, potentially influencing the activity of these cells in infection, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. The study of FCRL6 aims to uncover novel therapeutic targets for enhancing immune regulation....

FCRL6

IL13 (Interleukin 13): IL13 is a cytokine involved in the regulation of immune responses, particularly in allergic inflammation and asthma. It plays a role in the modulation of antibody production and in the regulation of inflammatory responses, especially in allergic diseases and in the defense against parasitic infections....

IL13

FBH1 (F-Box DNA Helicase 1): FBH1, also known as FBD4, encodes a DNA helicase involved in DNA repair and replication. It plays a role in maintaining genomic stability and preventing DNA damage accumulation. Dysfunctions in FBH1 can lead to genomic instability, a hallmark of cancer, making it important in cancer biology and the study of DNA repair mechanisms....

FBH1 (FBD4)

PDZD2 (PDZ Domain Containing 2): PDZD2 is a multi-PDZ domain protein involved in the organization of protein complexes at the cell membrane, playing a role in signal transduction and cellular communication. It is implicated in various cellular functions, including synaptic signaling in neurons. Dysregulation of PDZD2 may be linked to neurological disorders....

PDZD2

FANCI (FA Complementation Group I): FANCI is part of the Fanconi anemia (FA) pathway, crucial for DNA repair. It plays a role in the response to DNA damage and is important for maintaining genomic stability. Mutations in FANCI can cause Fanconi anemia, a disorder characterized by bone marrow failure, cancer susceptibility, and developmental abnormalities....

FANCI

CCDC158 (Coiled-Coil Domain Containing 158): CCDC158 is a gene encoding a protein with coiled-coil domains. Proteins with coiled-coil domains often participate in protein-protein interactions and may play roles in cellular structural organization or signaling pathways....



CCDC158

CLPTM1 (Cleft Lip and Palate Transmembrane Protein 1): CLPTM1 is a transmembrane protein involved in various cellular processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, and carcinogenesis. Although its precise function is not fully understood, studies suggest its potential involvement in cancer development and progression. CLPTM1 expression has been implicated in several cancers, including lung, pancreatic, and ovarian cancers, where it may play a role in tumor growth and metastasis. Additionally, CLPTM1 has been associated with smoking-related cancers due to its interaction with tobacco-related carcinogens. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying CLPTM1's function could provide insights into cancer biology and may lead to the...



CLPTM1

SETD7 (SET Domain Containing 7, Lysine Methyltransferase): SETD7 is involved in epigenetic regulation as it encodes an enzyme responsible for methylation of histone proteins. This methylation is crucial for regulating gene expression. Dysregulation of SETD7 activity is associated with various pathological conditions, including cancer and cardiovascular diseases....



SETD7

FAR1 (Fatty Acyl-CoA Reductase 1): FAR1 is involved in the synthesis of fatty alcohols from fatty acyl-CoA substrates, a key step in the production of wax esters and other complex lipids. These lipids are essential components of cell membranes and are involved in protecting cells against environmental stress. FAR1's role in lipid metabolism has implications for skin barrier function, lipid storage diseases, and the development of biofuels and industrial chemicals....

FAR1

FCHO2 (FCH Domain Only 2): FCHO2 is involved in the process of clathrin-mediated endocytosis, a key mechanism for internalizing substances from the cell surface. It plays a role in vesicle formation and trafficking within cells. Dysregulation of FCHO2 can affect cellular uptake processes and has potential implications in various cellular dysfunctions....

FCHO2

COL2A1 (Collagen Type II Alpha 1 Chain): COL2A1 encodes type II collagen, a major component of cartilage. Mutations in COL2A1 are associated with a variety of skeletal disorders, including osteoarthritis and various forms of chondrodysplasia....



COL2A1

CCND1 (Cyclin D1): CCND1 encodes cyclin D1, a critical protein involved in cell cycle regulation. Cyclins, including cyclin D1, orchestrate the progression of the cell cycle, and CCND1 is particularly important for driving cell division and proliferation. Dysregulation of CCND1 is frequently implicated in various cancers, making it a noteworthy oncogene....



CCND1

CNDP1 (Carnosine Dipeptidase 1): CNDP1 encodes an enzyme that is involved in the metabolism of carnosine, a dipeptide that may have antioxidant properties. This enzyme's activity is particularly significant in the context of diabetes, where it's believed to play a role in preventing the development of diabetic nephropathy. Understanding CNDP1's function is crucial for developing strategies to combat diabetic complications....



CNDP1

PEAK1 (Pseudopodium-Enriched Atypical Kinase 1): PEAK1 is a gene involved in cell signaling and cytoskeletal dynamics. It plays a significant role in cell migration, adhesion, and invasion. Dysregulation of PEAK1 has been associated with cancer progression and metastasis, as it promotes tumor cell mobility and invasion into surrounding tissues. ...

PEAK1

FARSA (Phenylalanyl-tRNA Synthetase Subunit Alpha): FARSA is involved in the translation process of protein synthesis, specifically in attaching phenylalanine to its corresponding tRNA. This function is essential for the accurate translation of mRNA into proteins. Mutations in FARSA or dysregulation of its activity can lead to errors in protein synthesis, potentially causing a range of cellular dysfunctions and contributing to disease processes....

FARSA

COLEC12 (Collectin sub-family member 12): COLEC12, a member of the collectin family, plays a pivotal role in innate immunity and host defense against pathogens. This protein is involved in the recognition and clearance of microbial pathogens through its ability to bind to specific carbohydrate patterns present on the surface of pathogens. COLEC12 is particularly important in the clearance of pathogens via the lectin pathway of the complement system, contributing to the activation of the immune response and the elimination of infectious agents. Furthermore, COLEC12 has been implicated in modulating inflammatory responses and tissue remodeling processes. Dysregulation of COLEC12 expression or...



COLEC12

PITX1 (Paired Like Homeodomain 1): PITX1 is a transcription factor crucial for the development of hindlimb structures and pituitary gland. Mutations in PITX1 can lead to developmental disorders like Liebenberg syndrome, characterized by upper limb malformations....

PITX1

HIVEP2 (Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type I Enhancer Binding Protein 2): HIVEP2 is a gene involved in transcriptional regulation. It plays a role in binding to DNA and modulating gene expression. HIVEP2 may be a critical factor in regulating the activity of specific genes, with potential implications for developmental processes and immune responses....

HIVEP2

COMT (Catechol-O-Methyltransferase): COMT is an enzyme that plays a key role in the metabolism of catecholamines, such as dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine. It is important in the regulation of neurotransmitters in the brain and is implicated in psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia. COMT is also involved in the pain response and has been studied in relation to pain sensitivity and various psychiatric conditions....



COMT

PEX11A (Peroxisomal Biogenesis Factor 11 Alpha): PEX11A is involved in peroxisome biogenesis and dynamics. Peroxisomes are organelles involved in various metabolic processes, including lipid metabolism and detoxification. PEX11A is important for peroxisome proliferation and function....




PEX11A

HLA-DQB1 (Human Leukocyte Antigen DQ Beta 1): HLA-DQB1 is a part of the MHC class II molecules, crucial for presenting exogenous peptide antigens to CD4+ T helper cells. It plays a significant role in initiating immune responses against pathogens and in self-tolerance. Variations in HLA-DQB1 are associated with several autoimmune conditions, including type 1 diabetes and celiac disease. Its critical function in immune response modulation makes it a focal point for understanding autoimmune pathogenesis and developing targeted therapies....

HLA-DQB1

COPB1 (Coatomer Protein Complex Subunit Beta 1): COPB1 is part of the coatomer protein complex involved in intracellular transport. It plays a role in transporting proteins between the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus, crucial for proper cell function and protein sorting....



COPB1

VPS35L (VPS35 Retromer Complex Component Like): VPS35L is a component of the retromer complex, involved in the endosomal transport pathway crucial for recycling membrane proteins from endosomes to the Golgi apparatus or plasma membrane. While less studied than VPS35, VPS35L is believed to play a similar role in sorting and trafficking within cells, with implications for cellular homeostasis and signaling. Understanding its function is important for elucidating the mechanisms of protein recycling and its impact on various diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders....

VPS35L

CBLL1 (Cbl Proto-Oncogene Like 1): CBLL1 is a gene related to the Cbl family of proteins involved in signal transduction and regulation of cellular processes. These proteins are associated with the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, which controls protein degradation and turnover....



CBLL1

AMBRA1 (Autophagy and Beclin 1 Regulator 1): AMBRA1 is a key regulator of autophagy, a critical cellular process for degrading and recycling cellular components. It plays a vital role in the autophagic response to cellular stress, promoting cell survival under adverse conditions. AMBRA1 interacts with BECN1 (Beclin 1) to initiate the formation of autophagosomes, essential for autophagy. Dysregulation of AMBRA1 has been linked to developmental abnormalities and neurodegenerative diseases, highlighting its importance in cellular homeostasis and disease prevention....

AMBRA1

CNIH3 (Cornichon Family AMPA Receptor Auxiliary Protein 3): CNIH3 is involved in regulating the trafficking and function of AMPA receptors, which are essential for fast synaptic transmission in the central nervous system. By modulating AMPA receptor activity, CNIH3 plays a role in synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory. Dysregulation of CNIH3 has implications for neurological disorders, including cognitive impairments and epilepsy....



CNIH3

HHEX (Hematopoietically Expressed Homeobox): HHEX is a transcription factor important in embryonic development and hematopoiesis. It's involved in the development of the liver, thyroid, and pancreas, and plays a role in the differentiation of blood cells. Abnormal expression of HHEX is associated with cancers, particularly leukemia, and developmental disorders....

HHEX

FBLL1 (Fibroblast-Like Protein 1): FBLL1, a member of the fibroblast-like protein family, serves as a pivotal player in orchestrating cellular interactions within the extracellular matrix (ECM). Through its regulatory functions, FBLL1 exerts a profound influence on diverse physiological processes, encompassing tissue regeneration, vascular development, and embryogenesis, by modulating ECM composition and architecture. The finely tuned activity of FBLL1 is indispensable for the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and repair mechanisms. However, aberrant expression or dysregulation of FBLL1 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several disorders, including cancer progression, tissue fibrosis, and inflammatory conditions. Understanding the intricate control of FBLL1 activity...

FBLL1

COPB2 (Coatomer Protein Complex Subunit Beta 2): COPB2 is part of the coatomer protein complex involved in vesicle formation and transport within cells. It plays a crucial role in the transport of proteins between the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus....



COPB2

CBLB (C-Cbl Proto-Oncogene B, E3 Ubiquitin Protein Ligase): CBLB encodes an E3 ubiquitin ligase protein that regulates intracellular signaling pathways by targeting proteins for degradation. It plays a role in immune responses and is involved in negatively regulating T cell activation. Dysregulation of CBLB can lead to autoimmune diseases and immune-related disorders....



CBLB

COPS9 (COP9 Signalosome Subunit 9): COPS9 is part of the COP9 signalosome, a complex that regulates protein degradation and is involved in various cellular processes, including cell cycle control, signal transduction, and DNA repair. The COP9 signalosome acts by modulating the activity of the ubiquitin-proteasome system, influencing the stability of a wide range of proteins. COPS9's role in this complex underscores its importance in maintaining cellular homeostasis and its potential involvement in the development of diseases when these processes are dysregulated....



COPS9

GPR83 (G Protein-Coupled Receptor 83): GPR83 is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that is expressed in the brain and is involved in the regulation of appetite and energy homeostasis. It has been studied in the context of feeding behavior and metabolic disorders....

GPR83

PKNOX1 (PBX/Knotted 1 Homeobox 1): PKNOX1 is a transcription factor involved in developmental processes and cellular differentiation. It regulates gene expression during embryogenesis and may be involved in hematopoietic cell development. Dysregulation of PKNOX1 can have implications in developmental abnormalities....




PKNOX1

CAVIN1 (Caveolae Associated Protein 1): CAVIN1 is essential for the formation and function of caveolae, small invaginations in the plasma membrane involved in various cellular processes, including endocytosis and signal transduction. It plays a role in lipid metabolism, endothelial function, and mechanoprotection of cells. Mutations in CAVIN1 have been linked to diseases such as lipodystrophy and muscular dystrophies, highlighting its importance in cell structure and metabolism....



CAVIN1

CNOT2 (CCR4-NOT Transcription Complex Subunit 2): CNOT2 is part of the CCR4-NOT complex, which plays a significant role in regulating gene expression, including mRNA turnover and degradation. It's involved in various aspects of RNA metabolism and can influence cellular processes like development, differentiation, and response to stress....



CNOT2

CAV1 (Caveolin-1): Caveolin-1 serves as a principal component of caveolae, small invaginations of the plasma membrane found in many vertebrate cell types. It is crucial for various cellular processes, including signal transduction, lipid metabolism, and endocytosis. CAV1 plays a significant role in modulating cellular signaling pathways by acting as a scaffolding protein that regulates the activity of numerous signaling molecules. Its involvement extends to the regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), which is essential for vascular tone and blood flow. Mutations and dysregulation of CAV1 expression have been linked to a variety of pathological conditions, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases,...



CAV1

COQ5 (Coenzyme Q5 Homolog, Methyltransferase): COQ5 is involved in the biosynthesis of coenzyme Q (CoQ), a molecule essential for mitochondrial energy production. It catalyzes a key step in the CoQ biosynthetic pathway. Mutations in COQ5 can lead to CoQ deficiency, which has implications in mitochondrial diseases and energy metabolism disorders. ...



COQ5

HLA-DQA2 (Human Leukocyte Antigen DQ Alpha 2): HLA-DQA2 is part of the HLA complex, crucial for immune system regulation through antigen presentation. It encodes an alpha chain that pairs with a beta chain to form the HLA-DQ molecule, which presents foreign antigens to T cells, initiating immune responses. Variations in HLA-DQA2 are associated with susceptibility to autoimmune diseases, underlining its role in immune tolerance and autoimmunity....

HLA-DQA2

PKP4 (Plakophilin 4): PKP4 is a protein involved in cell-cell adhesion, particularly in desmosomes, which are specialized structures that connect adjacent cells. PKP4 plays a role in maintaining tissue integrity, especially in tissues that undergo mechanical stress. Mutations in PKP4 can lead to skin and cardiac disorders....




PKP4

CNOT4 (CCR4-NOT Transcription Complex Subunit 4): CNOT4 is a part of the CCR4-NOT complex, which is essential for regulating gene expression at multiple levels, including mRNA degradation and transcriptional control. This gene plays a role in various cellular processes, including immune responses and development. Dysregulation of CNOT4 has been implicated in cancer and other diseases, highlighting its importance in gene regulation and disease....



CNOT4

CATSPER2 (Cation Channel, Sperm Associated 2): CATSPER2 is essential for sperm motility and fertility, forming part of a complex calcium channel in sperm that is necessary for the hyperactivated motility required for fertilization. Mutations in CATSPER2 can lead to male infertility due to impaired sperm function. Research on CATSPER2 offers insights into reproductive health and potential targets for contraception or treatments for infertility....



CATSPER2

PFKL (Phosphofructokinase, Liver Type): PFKL is involved in glycolysis, a fundamental metabolic pathway that converts glucose into energy. PFKL plays a vital role in glucose metabolism and energy production, particularly in the liver, where it contributes to glucose utilization and storage....




PFKL

UTP20 (UTP20, Small Subunit Processome Component): UTP20 is involved in the processing and assembly of the 18S rRNA, a crucial component of the small ribosomal subunit. It plays a role in ribosome biogenesis, which is essential for protein synthesis. Dysfunctions in UTP20 can affect cell growth and proliferation, with potential implications in developmental disorders and cancers....




UTP20

CPED1 (Cadherin Like And PC-Esterase Domain Containing 1): CPED1 is involved in cell adhesion and signaling, though its precise biological functions are not fully elucidated. It may play a role in developmental processes and has been associated with body mass index and adiposity....



CPED1

PLAAT1 (Phospholipase A And Acyltransferase 1): PLAAT1 is an enzyme involved in lipid metabolism, particularly in the remodeling of phospholipids in cell membranes. Its specific physiological roles are not fully understood, but it may be involved in cell signaling and membrane dynamics, with potential implications in metabolic and inflammatory processes....




PLAAT1

VEGFA (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A): Much like MMP15's involvement in tissue remodeling and angiogenesis, VEGFA holds a central role in regulating blood vessel formation and vascular function. As a key member of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family, VEGFA stimulates the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells, promoting the formation of new blood vessels (angiogenesis) crucial for various physiological processes including wound healing, embryonic development, and tissue repair. The precise regulation of VEGFA expression and activity is essential for maintaining vascular integrity and homeostasis. Dysregulation of VEGFA signaling has been implicated in numerous pathological conditions, including cancer progression,...

VEGFA

CNR2 (Cannabinoid Receptor 2): CNR2 is a G protein-coupled receptor that binds cannabinoids and is primarily expressed in the immune system. It plays a significant role in modulating immune responses, inflammation, and pain. CNR2's activation can lead to anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects, making it a target for treating inflammatory diseases, pain, and other conditions where the immune response needs modulation. Understanding CNR2's mechanisms offers potential therapeutic avenues for a wide range of diseases, including autoimmune disorders and chronic pain....



CNR2

GPR25 (G Protein-Coupled Receptor 25): GPR25 is part of the G protein-coupled receptor family and is implicated in various physiological processes, including signal transduction and cell communication. Its specific functions and roles in human health and disease are still under investigation....

GPR25

COX7C (Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit 7C): COX7C is a gene encoding a subunit of cytochrome c oxidase, an essential enzyme complex residing within mitochondria. This complex plays a pivotal role in the electron transport chain, a crucial step in cellular respiration. By facilitating the transfer of electrons and protons, COX7C contributes to the generation of cellular energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)....



COX7C

PFKFB3, or 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3, is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in cellular energy metabolism, particularly in glycolysis, the process by which glucose is metabolized to produce energy. PFKFB3 regulates the levels of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate (F2,6BP), a potent allosteric regulator of 6-phosphofructo-1-kinase (PFK-1), a key enzyme in glycolysis. One of the primary functions of PFKFB3 is its role in promoting glycolysis by synthesizing F2,6BP. F2,6BP allosterically activates PFK-1, which catalyzes the conversion of fructose-6-phosphate (F6P) to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (F1,6BP), a critical regulatory step in glycolysis. By increasing F2,6BP levels, PFKFB3 stimulates PFK-1 activity, enhancing the flux of glucose through the glycolytic pathway...




PFKFB3

CPLANE2 (Ciliogenesis and Planar Polarity Effector 2): CPLANE2 is a gene involved in ciliogenesis and the establishment of planar cell polarity (PCP). It may contribute to the formation and function of cilia, which are important cellular structures involved in various processes, including signal transduction and cell motility....



CPLANE2

BNIP5 (BCL2/Adenovirus E1B 19 kDa Interacting Protein 5): BNIP5 is involved in apoptosis and cell survival pathways. It interacts with members of the Bcl-2 family, proteins known for their roles in regulating cell death and survival, making it significant in studies of cancer and cellular stress responses....



BNIP5

CNTLN (Centlein): CNTLN is involved in centrosome function, crucial for proper cell division. It plays a role in maintaining centrosome integrity and spindle assembly during mitosis. Dysfunctions in CNTLN can lead to chromosomal instability, a hallmark of cancer cells, and are of interest in the study of tumor development and progression....



CNTLN

GALNT2 (Polypeptide N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 2): GALNT2 is involved in the process of glycosylation, where it adds N-acetylgalactosamine to proteins. This modification is crucial for protein function and cellular communication. Variations in GALNT2 have been linked to lipid metabolism and are associated with lipid levels in the blood, impacting the risk of cardiovascular diseases....

GALNT2

CPPED1, also known as Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 6 regulatory subunit 2, is a crucial regulatory protein involved in cellular signaling pathways. Positioned predominantly within the cytoplasm and nucleus of cells, CPPED1 serves as a regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 6 (PP6), a member of the PPP family of serine/threonine phosphatases. One of the key functions of CPPED1 is its role in modulating the activity of PP6, which plays essential roles in various cellular processes, including cell cycle progression, DNA damage response, and protein degradation. By interacting with PP6, CPPED1 contributes to the regulation of substrate specificity and subcellular localization of the phosphatase,...



CPPED1

CPS1 (Carbamoyl-phosphate synthase 1): CPS1, a key enzyme in the urea cycle, plays a crucial role in the detoxification of ammonia in the body. This enzyme catalyzes the formation of carbamoyl phosphate from ammonia and bicarbonate, initiating the synthesis of urea in the liver. The urea cycle is essential for removing excess nitrogen generated from the breakdown of proteins and amino acids, preventing the accumulation of toxic ammonia in the bloodstream. CPS1 activity is tightly regulated to maintain nitrogen balance and prevent hyperammonemia, a condition associated with neurological impairment and other serious complications. Dysregulation of CPS1 function can lead to...



CPS1

PEX2 (Peroxisomal Biogenesis Factor 2): PEX2 is essential for the formation and maintenance of peroxisomes, cellular organelles that play a key role in lipid metabolism and the detoxification of reactive oxygen species. Mutations in PEX2 can lead to peroxisomal disorders, such as Zellweger syndrome, characterized by severe developmental and neurological impairments....

PEX2

PFKM (Phosphofructokinase, Muscle): PFKM is another gene involved in glycolysis and glucose metabolism, specifically in muscle tissue. It plays a pivotal role in providing energy during physical activity and muscle contraction, making it essential for muscle function....

PFKM

SORCS2 (Sortilin-Related VPS10 Domain Containing Receptor 2): SORCS2 is involved in neuronal development and signaling. It is a member of the VPS10 domain-containing receptor family, which plays roles in neurotrophic signaling and neural plasticity. Dysregulation of SORCS2 has been linked to neurological disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease and schizophrenia....



SORCS2

CPXM1 (Carboxypeptidase X, M14 Family Member 1): CPXM1 encodes a metallo-carboxypeptidase that functions in extracellular matrix remodeling. It plays a role in cell adhesion and migration, and is involved in various physiological processes, including wound healing and inflammation. Dysregulation of CPXM1 may have implications in tissue remodeling disorders and certain cancers....



CPXM1

GPD2 (Glycerol-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase 2): GPD2 is an enzyme involved in glycerol metabolism and lipid biosynthesis. It catalyzes the conversion of glycerol-3-phosphate to dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a critical step in lipid synthesis. GPD2's function is important for energy storage and lipid homeostasis....

GPD2

CNTN2 (Contactin 2): CNTN2, also known as TAG-1, is a neuronal cell adhesion molecule involved in the development and function of the nervous system. It plays a role in the formation of neural circuits and synaptic connections. Mutations in CNTN2 have been linked to neurodevelopmental disorders and may influence neurological functions like learning and memory....



CNTN2

PKD2L1 (Polycystic Kidney Disease 2-Like 1): PKD2L1, a member of the polycystic kidney disease (PKD) family, is a transmembrane protein predominantly expressed in sensory neurons of the peripheral nervous system and certain epithelial cells. It plays a crucial role in chemosensation and mechanosensation, particularly in taste perception and the detection of sour taste stimuli. PKD2L1 functions as a non-selective cation channel, facilitating the influx of ions upon activation by extracellular stimuli, thereby triggering cellular responses. Beyond its role in taste sensation, PKD2L1 has been implicated in other physiological processes such as gastrointestinal sensory transduction and regulation of blood pressure. Dysregulation...




PKD2L1

FGD4 (FYVE, RhoGEF, and PH Domain Containing 4): FGD4 encodes a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that specifically activates Cdc42, a member of the Rho family of GTPases. This activation plays a key role in regulating cytoskeletal organization, cell shape, and migration. Mutations in FGD4 are associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, a disorder affecting peripheral nerves, highlighting its importance in nerve development and function....

FGD4

CPXM2 (Carboxypeptidase X, M14 Family Member 2): CPXM2 encodes an enzyme that functions in the modification of proteins by removing terminal amino acids. This process is crucial in various biological processes, including protein maturation and degradation. The enzyme's role in developmental processes and neural activity has also been noted....



CPXM2

IL16 (Interleukin 16): IL16 is a cytokine that functions as a chemoattractant for certain immune cells, playing a role in immune responses and inflammation. It is involved in cellular signaling pathways and has been implicated in a variety of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases....

IL16

FBLN5 (Fibulin 5): FBLN5 is involved in elastic fiber assembly and connective tissue organization, playing a crucial role in maintaining the integrity and elasticity of extracellular matrix. It is essential for skin, vascular, and lung function. Dysregulation of FBLN5 is associated with tissue stiffness, age-related macular degeneration, and organ fibrosis, highlighting its importance in tissue remodeling and disease....

FBLN5

PITX2 (Paired Like Homeodomain 2): PITX2 is critical for the development of multiple organ systems, including the eyes, heart, and abdominal organs. It's a transcription factor involved in the left-right asymmetry of the body. Mutations in PITX2 are associated with Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome, which affects the eyes and other organs. Understanding PITX2 is key in developmental biology and in exploring treatments for related congenital disorders....




PITX2

CLDN11 (Claudin 11): CLDN11 encodes a component of tight junctions, structures that are critical for maintaining the barrier function in tissues. It is particularly important in the central nervous system and the testes, where it plays a role in myelin sheath formation and spermatogenesis. Mutations in CLDN11 can result in neurological and reproductive issues....



CLDN11

PFKP (Phosphofructokinase, Platelet): PFKP is a key enzyme in the glycolytic pathway, controlling the rate of glucose metabolism. It catalyzes the conversion of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate. Dysregulation of PFKP can affect energy metabolism in cells and has been studied in the context of cancer, where altered glucose metabolism is a common feature....

PFKP

CNDP2 (Carnosine Dipeptidase 2): CNDP2, closely related to CNDP1, is another enzyme that participates in the metabolism of carnosine and anserine. Its function and significance are less understood than CNDP1, but it is believed to play a role in muscle and brain health. Research into CNDP2 may uncover new aspects of metabolic health and disease....



STMN4

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