Giardia lamblia
Giardia lamblia is a protozoan parasite that causes giardiasis, an intestinal infection marked by diarrhea and digestive discomfort. Known for its resilience, it can survive in harsh environments, especially contaminated water, making it a common source of waterborne outbreaks.
Description
Giardia lamblia is a flagellated, microscopic parasite that infects the small intestine. It exists in two forms: the trophozoite, which is active inside the host, and the cyst, which is the infectious form that survives outside the host. Giardiasis, the disease caused by Giardia, can range from asymptomatic to severe gastrointestinal symptoms.
- Diarrhea, often watery or greasy
- Gas or bloating
- Abdominal cramps
- Nausea
- Fatigue
- Weight loss
- Dehydration
Giardia lamblia is primarily transmitted through contaminated water. It can also spread through direct person-to-person contact, especially in settings like daycare centers, or through contaminated food. The cysts of Giardia are particularly hardy and can survive in cold water for long periods, leading to their spread in various aquatic environments.
- Avoid drinking untreated water, especially from lakes, rivers, or pools.
- Treat water by boiling or using proper filtration methods.
- Wash hands regularly with soap and water, particularly after using the toilet and before handling food.
- Practice safe food handling and consumption, especially in areas where giardiasis is common.
- Be cautious about water ingestion during swimming in natural water bodies.
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