ALDH1A2

ALDH1A2 (Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family Member A2): ALDH1A2 is a member of the aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) enzyme family, which plays a crucial role in the metabolism of both endogenous and exogenous aldehydes. Specifically, ALDH1A2 is responsible for the oxidation of retinaldehyde to retinoic acid, a biologically active form of vitamin A. This enzymatic conversion is essential for various developmental processes, including embryogenesis, tissue patterning, and organogenesis, by regulating gene expression and cellular differentiation through retinoic acid signaling pathways. ALDH1A2 expression is particularly prominent in tissues undergoing active morphogenesis, such as the developing limb buds, central nervous system, and sensory organs. Dysregulation of ALDH1A2 function has been associated with developmental abnormalities, including craniofacial defects, limb malformations, and congenital heart defects. Moreover, alterations in ALDH1A2 activity have been implicated in the pathogenesis of certain cancers, such as neuroblastoma and ovarian cancer. Thus, understanding the role of ALDH1A2 in development and disease provides valuable insights into both normal physiological processes and potential therapeutic strategies targeting retinoic acid signaling pathways.